# Preface

This document describes the functionality provided by the Command Plugin.

Refer to the Deployit Reference Manual for background information on Deployit and deployment concepts.

# Overview

As a system administrator, the need occasionally arises to execute adhoc scripts or OS commands on remote systems. The process usually entails having to manually login to each system, copy any required resources to said system and finally executing scripts/commands to process the resources or configure the remote system. The process is acceptable for a single system, but tends not to scale when performing the tasks on entire server farms. The manual intensive process becomes tedious and error prone. The Command Plugin helps with these tedious processes and significantly reduces the chances of errors.

A system administrator could also use the Command Plugin to reuse existing deployment scripts with Deployit, before choosing to move the deployment logic to a more reusable, easily maintainable plugin form.

# Features

- Execute an OS (Unix, Windows) command on a host
- Execute a script on a host
- Associate undo commands
- Copy associated command resources to a host

# Plugin Concepts

## Command

A Command encapsulates an OS specific command, as one would enter at the command prompt of a native OS command shell. The OS command is captured in the Command's `commandLine` property; e.g. 'echo hello >> /tmp/hello.txt'. The Command also has the capability of uploading any dependent files to the target system and make those available to the `commandLine` with the use of a placeholder; e.g. 'cat ${uploadedHello.txt} >> /tmp/hello.txt'.

## Undo Command

An undo Command has the same characteristics as a Command, except that it reverses the effect of the original Command it is associated with. An undo Command usually runs when the associated Command is undeployed or upgraded.

## Command Order

The order in which the Command is run in relation to other commands. The order allows for the chaining of commands to create a logical sequence of events. For example, an install tomcat command would execute before an install web application command, while a start tomcat command would be the last in the sequence.

# Requirements

This plugin requires:

- Deployit: version 3.5+

# Usage in Deployment Packages

Please refer to Packaging Manual for more details about the DAR packaging format.

Sample DAR MANIFEST.MF entries defining a package that can (un)provision a tomcat server using an install and uninstall script

    Manifest-Version: 1.0
    Deployit-Package-Format-Version: 1.3
    CI-Application: CommandPluginSample
    CI-Version: 1.0

    Name: install-tc-command
    CI-type: cmd.Command
    CI-order: 50
    CI-commandLine: /bin/sh ${install-tc.sh} ${tomcat.zip}
    CI-undoCommand: uninstall-tc-command
    CI-dependencies-EntryValue-1: install-tc.sh
    CI-dependencies-EntryValue-2: tomcat.zip
    CI-name: install-tc-command

    Name: uninstall-tc-command
    CI-type: cmd.Command
    CI-order: 45
    CI-commandLine: /bin/sh ${uninstall-tc.sh}
    CI-dependencies-EntryValue-1: uninstall-tc.sh
    CI-name: uninstall-tc-command

    Name: tomcat-6.0.32.zip
    CI-name: tomcat.zip
    CI-type: file.File

    Name: install-tc.sh
    CI-type: file.File
    CI-name: install-tc.sh

    Name: uninstall-tc.sh
    CI-type: file.File
    CI-name: uninstall-tc.sh

# Using the deployables and deployeds

## Deployable vs. Container Table

The following table describes which deployable / container combinations are possible. Note that the CIs can only be targeted to containers derived from Host.

Deployables | Containers | Generated Deployed
--- | --- | ---
cmd.Command | overthere.Host | cmd.DeployedCommand

## Deployed Actions Table

The following table describes the effect a deployed has on its container.

Deployed | Create | Destroy | Modify
--- | --- | --- | ---
cmd.DeployedCommand | Upload command resources to host Resolve command line placeholder references with absolute paths to the uploaded resource files on host Execute command line on host | Run the undo command associated with the deployed command, if exists. Actions are same as described for Create | Run the undo command associated with the deployed command, if exists. Actions are same as described for Create Run the modified command. Actions are same as described for Create

# Sample Usage Senario - Provision a Tomcat server

For illustration purposes, we take a simplistic view of installing Tomcat. In reality however, your installation of Tomcat would take on a far more comprehensive form.

Tomcat is distributed as a zip. For this example, we create an installation script to unzip the distribution on the host. The uninstall script simply shuts down a running Tomcat and deletes the installation directory.

Create the installation script (install-tc.sh)

    #!/bin/sh
    set -e
    if [ -e "/apache-tomcat-6.0.32" ]
    then
        echo "/apache-tomcat-6.0.32 already exists. remove to continue."
        exit 1
    fi
    unzip $1 -d /
    chmod +x /apache-tomcat-6.0.32/bin/*.sh

Create the uninstall script (uninstall-tc.sh)

    #!/bin/sh
    set -e
    /apache-tomcat-6.0.32/bin/shutdown.sh
    rm -rf /apache-tomcat-6.0.32

MANIFEST snippet defining the command to trigger the execution of the install script for the initial deployment

The following command will be executed at order 50 in the generated step list. '/bin/sh' is used on the host to execute the install script which takes a single parameter, the absolute path to the tomcat.zip on the host. When the command is undeployed, uninstall-tc-command will be executed.

    Name: install-tc-command
    CI-type: cmd.Command
    CI-order: 50
    CI-commandLine: /bin/sh ${install-tc.sh} ${tomcat.zip}
    CI-undoCommand: uninstall-tc-command
    CI-dependencies-EntryValue-1: install-tc.sh
    CI-dependencies-EntryValue-2: tomcat.zip
    CI-name: install-tc-command

MANIFEST snippet defining the undo command to trigger the execution of the uninstall script for the undeploy

The undo command will be executed at order 45 in the generated step list. Note that it has a lower order than the install-tc-command. This ensures that the undo command will always run before the install-tc-command during an upgrade.

    Name: uninstall-tc-command
    CI-type: cmd.Command
    CI-order: 45
    CI-commandLine: /bin/sh ${uninstall-tc.sh}
    CI-dependencies-EntryValue-1: uninstall-tc.sh
    CI-name: uninstall-tc-command

See the Usage in Deployment Packages section for the complete MANIFEST.MF

# CI Reference

## Configuration Item Overview

### Deployables

### Deployeds

### Containers

### Other Configuration Items

## Configuration Item Details

### cmd.Command

Type Hierarchy | udm.BaseDeployable >> udm.BaseConfigurationItem
Interfaces | udm.Taggable, udm.Deployable, udm.ConfigurationItem

Command specification that is executed on a host

|  | Public Properties
--- | --- | ---
|  | order : INTEGER = 50
|  | Order of the command
|  | commandLine : STRING
|  | Command line to execute on host. Dependent artifacts can be referred to using ${artifact name}.
|  | dependencies : SET_OF_CI<file.File>
|  | Artifacts that the command depends on
|  | runUndoCommandOnUpgrade : BOOLEAN = true
|  | Indicates whether the undoCommand should be run on an upgrade
|  | tags : SET_OF_STRING
|  | If set, this deployable will only be mapped automatically to containers with the same tag.
|  | undoCommand : CI<cmd.Command >
|  | Command to execute when undeploying command

### cmd.DeployedCommand

Type Hierarchy | udm.BaseDeployed >> udm.BaseConfigurationItem
Interfaces | udm.Deployed, udm.ConfigurationItem

Command deployed to a Host

|  | Parent
--- | --- | ---
|  | container : CI<udm.Container>
|  | The container on which this deployed runs.

|  | Public Properties
--- | --- | ---
|  | commandLine : STRING
|  | Command line to execute on host. Dependent artifacts can be referred to using ${artifact name}.
|  | order : INTEGER = 50
|  | Order of the command
|  | dependencies : SET_OF_CI<file.File>
|  | Artifacts that the command depends on
|  | deployable : CI<udm.Deployable>
|  | The deployable that this deployed is derived from.
|  | rerunCommand : BOOLEAN
|  | Forces the command to be rerun.
|  | runUndoCommandOnUpgrade : BOOLEAN
|  | Indicates whether the undoCommand should be run on an upgrade
|  | undoCommand : CI<cmd.Command >
|  | Command to execute when undeploying command

### overthere.CifsHost

Type Hierarchy | overthere.RemoteHost >> overthere.Host >> udm.BaseContainer >> udm.BaseConfigurationItem
Interfaces | udm.Taggable, udm.ConfigurationItem, udm.Container, overthere.HostContainer

Machine that can be connected to using either WinRM or Telnet and can perform file manipulation via the CIFS protocol

|  | Public Properties
--- | --- | ---
|  | address : STRING
|  | Address of the host
|  | connectionType : ENUM [TELNET, WINRM, WINRM_HTTP, WINRM_HTTPS] = WINRM
|  | Connection Type
|  | os : ENUM [WINDOWS, UNIX] = WINDOWS
|  | Operating system the host runs
|  | password : STRING
|  | Password to use for authentication
|  | username : STRING
|  | Username to connect with
|  | cifsPort : INTEGER = 445
|  | Port on which the CIFS server runs
|  | jumpstation : CI<overthere.Jumpstation >
|  | Jumpstation that should be used to reach this host
|  | pathShareMappings : MAP_STRING_STRING
|  | Mapping from Windows paths to Windows share names, e.g. C:\IBM\WebSphere -> WebSphereShare
|  | port : INTEGER
|  | Port on which the Telnet or WinRM server runs
|  | tags : SET_OF_STRING
|  | If set, only deployables with the same tag will be automatically mapped to this container.
|  | temporaryDirectoryPath : STRING
|  | Directory into which temporary files are stored. Will be cleaned up when the connection is closed.
|  | winrmEnableHttps : BOOLEAN = false
|  | Enable SSL communication to the WinRM server

|  | Hidden Properties
--- | --- | ---
|  | connectionTimeoutMillis : INTEGER = 1200000
|  | Number of milliseconds Overthere waits for a connection to a remote host to be established
|  | protocol : STRING = cifs
|  | Protocol
|  | tmpFileCreationRetries : INTEGER = 1000
|  | Number of times Overthere attempts to create a temporary file with a unique name
|  | winrmContext : STRING = /wsman
|  | Context used by the WinRM server
|  | winrmEnvelopSize : INTEGER = 153600
|  | Envelop size for WinRM messages
|  | winrmHttpsCertificateTrustStrategy : ENUM [STRICT, SELF_SIGNED, ALLOW_ALL] = STRICT
|  | HTTPS certifiacte trust strategy for WinRM over HTTPS
|  | winrmHttpsHostnameVerificationStrategy : ENUM [STRICT, BROWSER_COMPATIBLE, ALLOW_ALL] = STRICT
|  | HTTPS host name verification strategy for WinRM over HTTPS
|  | winrmLocale : STRING = en-US
|  | Locale to use for WinRM messages
|  | winrmTimeout : STRING = PT60.000S
|  | Timeout to use for WinRM messages in XML schema duration format
|  | tmpDeleteOnDisconnect : BOOLEAN = true
|  | Whether to delete the temporary connection directory when the connection is closed
|  | winrmKerberosAddPortToSpn : BOOLEAN = false
|  | Add the port number (e.g. 5985) to the service principal name (SPN) for which a Kerberos ticket is requested
|  | winrmKerberosDebug : BOOLEAN = false
|  | Enable Kerberos debug messages
|  | winrmKerberosUseHttpSpn : BOOLEAN = false
|  | Use the HTTP protocol in the service principal name (SPN) for which a Kerberos ticket is requested, instead of the default WSMAN protocol

Control Tasks
| checkConnection | Checks whether Deployit can transfer files to and execute commands on this host.

### overthere.Host

Virtual Type
Type Hierarchy | udm.BaseContainer >> udm.BaseConfigurationItem
Interfaces | udm.Taggable, udm.ConfigurationItem, udm.Container, overthere.HostContainer

Machine that runs middleware, on which scripts can be executed, etc.

|  | Public Properties
--- | --- | ---
|  | os : ENUM [WINDOWS, UNIX]
|  | Operating system the host runs
|  | tags : SET_OF_STRING
|  | If set, only deployables with the same tag will be automatically mapped to this container.
|  | temporaryDirectoryPath : STRING
|  | Directory into which temporary files are stored. Will be cleaned up when the connection is closed.

|  | Hidden Properties
--- | --- | ---
|  | protocol : STRING
|  | Protocol to use when connecting to this host
|  | tmpFileCreationRetries : INTEGER = 1000
|  | Number of times Overthere attempts to create a temporary file with a unique name
|  | tmpDeleteOnDisconnect : BOOLEAN = true
|  | Whether to delete the temporary connection directory when the connection is closed

Control Tasks
| checkConnection | Checks whether Deployit can transfer files to and execute commands on this host.

### overthere.Jumpstation

Virtual Type
Type Hierarchy | overthere.RemoteHost >> overthere.Host >> udm.BaseContainer >> udm.BaseConfigurationItem
Interfaces | udm.Taggable, udm.ConfigurationItem, udm.Container, overthere.HostContainer

Base class for jumpstations

|  | Public Properties
--- | --- | ---
|  | jumpstation : CI<overthere.Jumpstation >
|  | Jumpstation that should be used to reach this host
|  | tags : SET_OF_STRING
|  | If set, only deployables with the same tag will be automatically mapped to this container.

|  | Hidden Properties
--- | --- | ---
|  | connectionTimeoutMillis : INTEGER = 1200000
|  | Number of milliseconds Overthere waits for a connection to a remote host to be established
|  | os : ENUM [WINDOWS, UNIX] = UNIX
|  | Os
|  | protocol : STRING
|  | Protocol to use when connecting to this host
|  | tmpFileCreationRetries : INTEGER = 1000
|  | Number of times Overthere attempts to create a temporary file with a unique name
|  | temporaryDirectoryPath : STRING
|  | The default platform value (/tmp) suffices as no temporary files will be placed on the jumpstation
|  | tmpDeleteOnDisconnect : BOOLEAN = true
|  | Whether to delete the temporary connection directory when the connection is closed

Control Tasks
| checkConnection | Checks whether Deployit can transfer files to and execute commands on this host.

### overthere.LocalHost

Type Hierarchy | overthere.Host >> udm.BaseContainer >> udm.BaseConfigurationItem
Interfaces | udm.Taggable, udm.ConfigurationItem, udm.Container, overthere.HostContainer

Machine on which the Deployit Server is running

|  | Public Properties
--- | --- | ---
|  | os : ENUM [WINDOWS, UNIX]
|  | Operating system the host runs
|  | tags : SET_OF_STRING
|  | If set, only deployables with the same tag will be automatically mapped to this container.
|  | temporaryDirectoryPath : STRING
|  | Directory into which temporary files are stored. Will be cleaned up when the connection is closed.

|  | Hidden Properties
--- | --- | ---
|  | protocol : STRING = local
|  | Protocol
|  | tmpFileCreationRetries : INTEGER = 1000
|  | Number of times Overthere attempts to create a temporary file with a unique name
|  | tmpDeleteOnDisconnect : BOOLEAN = true
|  | Whether to delete the temporary connection directory when the connection is closed

Control Tasks
| checkConnection | Checks whether Deployit can transfer files to and execute commands on this host.

### overthere.RemoteHost

Virtual Type
Type Hierarchy | overthere.Host >> udm.BaseContainer >> udm.BaseConfigurationItem
Interfaces | udm.Taggable, udm.ConfigurationItem, udm.Container, overthere.HostContainer

Description unavailable

|  | Public Properties
--- | --- | ---
|  | os : ENUM [WINDOWS, UNIX]
|  | Operating system the host runs
|  | jumpstation : CI<overthere.Jumpstation >
|  | Jumpstation that should be used to reach this host
|  | tags : SET_OF_STRING
|  | If set, only deployables with the same tag will be automatically mapped to this container.
|  | temporaryDirectoryPath : STRING
|  | Directory into which temporary files are stored. Will be cleaned up when the connection is closed.

|  | Hidden Properties
--- | --- | ---
|  | connectionTimeoutMillis : INTEGER = 1200000
|  | Number of milliseconds Overthere waits for a connection to a remote host to be established
|  | protocol : STRING
|  | Protocol to use when connecting to this host
|  | tmpFileCreationRetries : INTEGER = 1000
|  | Number of times Overthere attempts to create a temporary file with a unique name
|  | tmpDeleteOnDisconnect : BOOLEAN = true
|  | Whether to delete the temporary connection directory when the connection is closed

Control Tasks
| checkConnection | Checks whether Deployit can transfer files to and execute commands on this host.

### overthere.SshHost

Type Hierarchy | overthere.RemoteHost >> overthere.Host >> udm.BaseContainer >> udm.BaseConfigurationItem
Interfaces | udm.Taggable, udm.ConfigurationItem, udm.Container, overthere.HostContainer

Machine that can be connected to using SSH

|  | Public Properties
--- | --- | ---
|  | address : STRING
|  | Address of the host
|  | connectionType : ENUM [SFTP, SFTP_CYGWIN, SFTP_WINSSHD, SCP, SUDO, INTERACTIVE_SUDO, TUNNEL] = SFTP
|  | Type of SSH connection to create
|  | os : ENUM [WINDOWS, UNIX]
|  | Operating system the host runs
|  | port : INTEGER = 22
|  | Port on which the SSH server runs
|  | username : STRING
|  | Username to connect with
|  | jumpstation : CI<overthere.Jumpstation >
|  | Jumpstation that should be used to reach this host
|  | passphrase : STRING
|  | Optional passphrase for the private key in the private key file
|  | password : STRING
|  | Password to use for authentication
|  | privateKeyFile : STRING
|  | Private key file to use for authentication
|  | sudoUsername : STRING
|  | Username to sudo to when accessing files or executing commands
|  | tags : SET_OF_STRING
|  | If set, only deployables with the same tag will be automatically mapped to this container.
|  | temporaryDirectoryPath : STRING
|  | Directory into which temporary files are stored. Will be cleaned up when the connection is closed.

|  | Hidden Properties
--- | --- | ---
|  | connectionTimeoutMillis : INTEGER = 1200000
|  | Number of milliseconds Overthere waits for a connection to a remote host to be established
|  | interactiveKeyboardAuthRegex : STRING = .*Password:[ ]?
|  | Regular expression to look for in keyboard-interactive authentication before sending the password
|  | protocol : STRING = ssh
|  | Protocol
|  | sudoCommandPrefix : STRING = sudo -u {0}
|  | Sudo command to prefix to the original command. The placeholder {0} is replaced with the sudoUsername
|  | sudoPasswordPromptRegex : STRING = .*[Pp]assword.*:
|  | Regular expression to look for in interactive sudo before sending the password
|  | tmpFileCreationRetries : INTEGER = 1000
|  | Number of times Overthere attempts to create a temporary file with a unique name
|  | allocateDefaultPty : BOOLEAN = false
|  | If true, a default PTY (dummy:80:24:0:0) is allocated when executing a command
|  | allocatePty : STRING
|  | Specification for the PTY to be allocated when executing a command. The format is TERM:COLS:ROWS:WIDTH:HEIGHT, e.g. xterm:80:24:0:0
|  | sudoOverrideUmask : BOOLEAN = true
|  | If true, permissions are explicitly changed with chmod -R go+rX after uploading a file or directory
|  | sudoPreserveAttributesOnCopyFromTempFile : BOOLEAN = true
|  | If true, files are copied from the connection temporary directory using the -p flag to the cp command
|  | sudoPreserveAttributesOnCopyToTempFile : BOOLEAN = true
|  | If true, files are copied to the connection temporary directory using the -p flag to the cp command
|  | sudoQuoteCommand : BOOLEAN = false
|  | If true, the original command is quoted when it is prefixed with sudoCommandPrefix
|  | tmpDeleteOnDisconnect : BOOLEAN = true
|  | Whether to delete the temporary connection directory when the connection is closed

Control Tasks
| checkConnection | Checks whether Deployit can transfer files to and execute commands on this host.

### overthere.SshJumpstation

Type Hierarchy | overthere.Jumpstation >> overthere.RemoteHost >> overthere.Host >> udm.BaseContainer >> udm.BaseConfigurationItem
Interfaces | udm.Taggable, udm.ConfigurationItem, udm.Container, overthere.HostContainer

Machine that can be used to create a tunneled connection to a destination host

|  | Public Properties
--- | --- | ---
|  | address : STRING
|  | Address of the host
|  | port : INTEGER = 22
|  | Port on which the SSH server runs
|  | username : STRING
|  | Username to connect with
|  | jumpstation : CI<overthere.Jumpstation >
|  | Jumpstation that should be used to reach this host
|  | passphrase : STRING
|  | Optional passphrase for the private key in the private key file
|  | password : STRING
|  | Password to use for authentication
|  | privateKeyFile : STRING
|  | Private key file to use for authentication
|  | tags : SET_OF_STRING
|  | If set, only deployables with the same tag will be automatically mapped to this container.

|  | Hidden Properties
--- | --- | ---
|  | connectionTimeoutMillis : INTEGER = 1200000
|  | Number of milliseconds Overthere waits for a connection to a remote host to be established
|  | connectionType : ENUM [SFTP, SFTP_CYGWIN, SFTP_WINSSHD, SCP, SUDO, INTERACTIVE_SUDO, TUNNEL] = TUNNEL
|  | Connection Type
|  | interactiveKeyboardAuthRegex : STRING = .*Password:[ ]?
|  | Regular expression to look for in keyboard-interactive authentication before sending the password
|  | os : ENUM [WINDOWS, UNIX] = UNIX
|  | Os
|  | portAllocationRangeStart : INTEGER = 1025
|  | Port from where to start looking for freely available ports to use as the local part of an SSH port forward
|  | protocol : STRING = ssh
|  | Protocol
|  | tmpFileCreationRetries : INTEGER = 1000
|  | Number of times Overthere attempts to create a temporary file with a unique name
|  | temporaryDirectoryPath : STRING
|  | The default platform value (/tmp) suffices as no temporary files will be placed on the jumpstation
|  | tmpDeleteOnDisconnect : BOOLEAN = true
|  | Whether to delete the temporary connection directory when the connection is closed

Control Tasks
| checkConnection | Checks whether Deployit can transfer files to and execute commands on this host.